Chlorpheniramine Maleate
Synonym :
Dexchlorpheniramine
Mechanism :
Chlorpheniramine is an anti-histaminic. It competes with histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells in the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory tract.
Indication :
- Allergy
- Anaphylaxis
- Urticaria
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to chlorpheniramine or any component of the formulation, narrow-angle glaucoma, bladder neck obstruction, symptomatic prostate hypertrophy, during acute asthmatic attacks, stenosing peptic ulcer, pyloroduodenal obstruction. Avoid use in premature and term new-borns due to possible association with SIDS.
Dosing :
Oral:
<2 years:
Safety and efficacy not established.
2-6 years:
1 mg 4-6 hourly, maximum 6 mg.
6-12 years:
2 mg 3-4 times, maximum 12 mg.
>12 years:
4 mg 4-6 hourly, maximum 24 mg.
IM/IV/SC:
<1 year:
250 mcg/kg.
1-5 years:
2.5-5 mg.
6-12 years:
5-10 mg.
12-18 years:
10-20 mg OD.
Repeat up to 4 times daily, Max: 49 mg in adults.
Adverse Effect :
Drowsiness, headache, excitability, fatigue, nervousness, dizziness, nausea, xerostomia, diarrhea, abdominal pain, appetite increase, weight gain, urinary retention, arthralgia, weakness, diplopia, polyuria, thickening of bronchial secretions
Interaction :
CNS Depressants, MAO Inhibitors, Tricyclic Antidepressants, Phenothiazines: Increased toxicity.
Azole Antifungals, Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin, Diclofenac, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Imatinib, Isoniazid, Nefazodone, Nicardipine, Propofol, Protease Inhibitors, Quinidine, and Verapamil: May increase the levels/effects of chlorpheniramine.
Renal Dose :
Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
| 20-50 | Dose as in normal renal function |
| 10-20 | Dose as in normal renal function |
| <10 | Dose as in normal renal function |
Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
| CAPD | Not dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function |
| HD | Dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function |
| HDF/High flux | Dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function |
| CAV/VVHD | Dialysed. Dose as in normal renal function |
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended. Use with caution and dose adjustments may be needed