Carbinoxamine
Mechanism :
Carbinoxamine competes with free histamine for binding at HA-receptor sites. This antagonizes the effects of histamine on HA-receptors, leading to a reduction of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine HA-receptor binding. Carbinoxamine's anticholinergic action appears to be due to a central antimuscarinic effect, which also may be responsible for its antiemetic effects, although the exact mechanism is unknown.
Indication :
- Seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis
- Vasomotor rhinitis
- Allergic conjunctivitis
- Urticaria and angioedema.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity, Severe hypertension or Coronary artery disease, MAO inhibitor therapy, GI or GU obstruction, narrow angle glaucoma.
Dosing :
Oral. Dose according to pseudo
ephedrine component: 4 mg/kg/day or the carbinoxamine component:
0.2-0.4 mg/kg/day.
Adverse Effect :
Anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reaction, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, leukopenia, arrhythmias, seizures, toxic psychosis, labyrinthitis, acute neuritis.
Interaction :
Potassium derivates: May delay solid potassium passage through GI tract.
Doxylamine: Combination may increase risk of CNS depression.
Anticholinergic agents: May further delay gastric emptying.
Hepatic Dose :
No dosage adjustments are recommended.