Dextromethorphan
Mechanism :
Dextromethorphan is an antitussive agent and has no analgesic or addictive properties. The drug acts centrally and elevates the threshold for coughing. In therapeutic dosage dextromethorphan does not inhibit ciliary activity.
Indication :
Contraindications :
Dextromethorphan should not be used in patients receiving a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
Hypersensitivity.
Dosing :
Dosage in children less than 4 years of age is not well established.
4 to 6 years:
2.5 to 7.5 mg orally every 4 to 8 hours. Max dose: 30 mg/day.
7 to 12 years:
5 to 10 mg orally every 4 hours or 15 mg every 6 to 8 hours. Maximum dose: 60 mg/day.
12 years or older:
10 to 30 mg orally every 4 to 8 hours. Max dose: 120 mg/day.
Adverse Effect :
Nausea, restlessness, insomnia, ataxia, slurred speech, nystagmus, mood changes, perceptual alterations, inattention, disorientation and aggressive behaviour.
Interaction :
Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) Inhibitors: Hyperpyrexia, hypotension, and death have been reported coincident with the coadministration of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and products containing dextromethorphan. Thus, concomitant administration of promethazine with dextromethorphan and MAO inhibitors should be avoided.
Hepatic Dose :
Use with caution as dextromethorphan is metabolized by the liver.