Thioproperazine
Mechanism :
Thioproperazine acts as an antagonist (blocking agent) on different postsynaptic receptors -on dopaminergic-receptors (subtypes D1, D2, D3 and D4 - different antipsychotic properties on productive and unproductive symptoms), on serotonergic-receptors (5-HT1 and 5-HT2, with anxiolytic, antidepressive and antiaggressive properties as well as an attenuation of extrapyramidal side-effects, but also leading to weight gain, fall in blood pressure, sedation and ejaculation difficulties), on histaminergic-receptors (H1-receptors, sedation, antiemesis, vertigo, fall in blood pressure and weight gain), alpha1/alpha2-receptors (antisympathomimetic properties, lowering of blood pressure, reflex tachycardia, vertigo, sedation, hypersalivation and incontinence as well as sexual dysfunction, but may also attenuate pseudoparkinsonism - controversial) and finally on muscarinic (cholinergic) M1/M2-receptors (causing anticholinergic symptoms like dry mouth, blurred vision, obstipation, difficulty/inability to urinate, sinus tachycardia, ECG-changes and loss of memory, but the anticholinergic action may attenuate extrapyramidal side-effects).
Indication :
- For the treatment of all types of acute and chronic schizophrenia.
Contraindications :
Allergic to it; or to other phenothiazines (such as chlorpromazine, fluphenazine); or if you have any other allergies.
Liver disease, kidney disease, dementia, heart problems (such as abnormal heart rhythm, fast/irregular heartbeat), blockage of the intestines, glaucoma, seizures, enlarged prostate, breathing problems (such as severe asthma, emphysema, lung infections), blood disorders (such as bone marrow depression, low red/white/platelet blood cell counts), low levels of calcium in the blood, loss of too much body water (dehydration), breast cancer, brain disorder/tumor/injury, Parkinson’s disease, certain muscle/nerve problems (spastic diseases), drug/alcohol/substance abuse. This drug may make you drowsy or cause blurred vision.
Dosing :
In children over 10 years:
Start with a daily dosage of 1 to 3 mg. Increase by the same amount every 2 to 3 days until the usual effective dosage of 30 to 40 mg per day is reached.
Maintenance Therapy:
Dosage should be reduced gradually to the lowest effective level, which may be as low as a few mg per day and maintained as long as necessary.
Adverse Effect :
Dry mouth, constipation, convulsions, extrapyramidal reactions, and drowsiness.
Interaction :
Donepezil: Possible antagonism of action.
Galantamine: Possible antagonism of action.
Rivastigmine: Possible antagonism of action.
Food Interactions: Avoid alcohol & take with food to avoid irritation.
Hepatic Dose :
use is contraindicated in patients with hepatic disease.