Chloral Hydrate
Mechanism :
Chloral Hydrate is an effective sedative and hypnotic agent for oral administration.
Indication :
- Sedation prior to procedures
- Sedation at night
Contraindications :
Chloral hydrate is contraindicated in patients with marked hepatic or renal impairment and in patients with severe cardiac disease. Oral dosage forms of chloral hydrate are contraindicated in the presence of gastritis. Chloral hydrate is also contraindicated in patients who have previously exhibited a hypersensitivity to the drug.
Dosing :
Sedation for procedure (off-label):
50-75 mg/kg oral 30-60 mins before procedure; may be repeated after 30 mins if necessary (do not exceed 120 mg/kg or 1 g/dose in infants or 2 g/dose in children).
Sedation/Anxiety (off-label):
25-50 mg/kg day oral in 6-8 hourly divided dose; do not exceed 500 mg/dose.
Adverse Effect :
Addiction, delirium, drowsiness, ataxia, light headedness, vertigo, dizziness, nightmares, malaise, mental confusion, leukopenia, eosinophilia, erythema, eczematoid dermatitis, urticaria, scarlatiniform exanthems, nausea and vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea.
Interaction :
No known interactions found.
Renal Dose :
Dose in Renal Impairment GFR (mL/min)
| 20-50 | Dose as in normal renal function |
| 10-20 | 1 tablet at night |
| <10 | Avoid |
Dose in Patients undergoing Renal Replacement Therapies
| CAPD | Unknown dialysability. Avoid |
| HD | Dialysed. Avoid |
| HDF/High flux | Dialysed. Avoid |
| CAV/VVHD | Dialysed. Dose as in GFR=10– 20 mL/min |
Hepatic Dose :
Use is contraindicated in patients with marked hepatic impairment.