Potassium Iodide
Mechanism :
Reduces viscosity of mucus by increasing respiratory tract secretions; inhibits secretion of thyroid hormone, fosters colloid accumulation in thyroid follicles.
Indication :
- Antidote: Block thyroidal uptake of radioactive isotopes of iodine in a nuclear radiation emergency.
- Expectorant: Expectorant for the symptomatic treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases complicated by mucous.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to iodide, iodine, or any component of the formulation; dermatitis herpetiformis; hypocomplementemic vasculitis, nodular thyroid condition with heart disease.
Dosing :
Radiation emergency:
≤1 month:
16.25 mg PO once daily.
>1 month to ≤3 years:
32.5 mg PO once daily.
>3 to ≤12 years:
65 mg PO once daily.
>12 years, <68 kg:
65 mg PO once daily.
>12 years, ≥68 kg:
130 mg PO once daily.
Duration: Continue till exposure risk has passed.
Thyrotoxic crisis/thyroid storm (off-label use):
Infants: 100 mg PO 4 times daily.
Children: 250 mg PO 2 to 4 times daily.
Administer preferably 2 hours after anti-thyroid drug administration.
Expectorant:
60-250 mg PO every 6 hours.
Adverse Effect :
Cardiac arrhythmias, numbness, vasculitis, Confusion, fatigue, fever, numbness, tingling sensation, Goitre, hyperthyroidism (prolonged use), hypothyroidism (prolonged use), myxoedema, Diarrhea, enlargement of salivary glands, gastric distress, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gingival pain, metallic taste, nausea, Hypersensitivity reaction, Acne vulgaris, dermatitis, urticarial.
Interaction :
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers: Potassium Salts may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Potassium Salts may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors.
Cardiac Glycosides: Anti-thyroid Agents may increase the serum concentration of Cardiac Glycosides.
Lithium: Potassium Iodide may enhance the hypothyroid effect of Lithium.
Theophylline Derivatives: Anti-thyroid Agents may increase the serum concentration of Theophylline Derivatives.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics: Potassium Salts may enhance the hyperkalemic effect of Potassium-Sparing Diuretics.
Hepatic Dose :
No dose adjustment recommended.