Pediatric Emergencies in Children

Pediatric Emergencies

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An Emergency is an injury or illness that is acute and poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long term health.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

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ARDS usually occurs within 4-5 days of the initial at-risk diagnosis in majority of patients. In more than 50% of patients, ARDS develops in the first 24 hours. Earliest clinical sign is tachypnea followed by dyspnea.

Scorpion Sting : Current Management

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Scorpions often fall from loose tiles of huts in beds. Scorpion takes shelter in clothes (shirt shelves, trouser pockets), bedding and shoes.

Vascular Access in Pediatrics

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Vascular Access in Pediatrics Types includes Peripheral Vascular Access and Central Venous Access.

Practical Guidelines for Mechanical Ventilation

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Mechanical ventilation constitutes the final step in a series of therapeutic man oeuvres of increasing complexity employed in the treatment of respiratory failure. Ventilatory support is indicated in infants and children who cannot breathe adequately without assistance and in those in whom unassisted ventilation will be dangerous or life-threatening.

]]>Mechanical ventilation constitutes the final step in a series of therapeutic man oeuvres of increasing complexity employed in the treatment of respiratory failure. Ventilatory support is indicated in infants and children who cannot breathe adequately without assistance and in those in whom unassisted ventilation will be dangerous or life-threatening.

Management of Septic Shock

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Septic shock is the prototype combination of hypovolemia, cardiogenic and distributive shock.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 1 : A forearm deformity in a 4 year old child

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In this case, the clinical appearance of a deformed forearmis highly indicative of a fracture. If radiographs fail toconfirm the presence of an obvious fracture, consider the possibility of a bowing fracture.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 2 : Multiple trauma in a 2 year old child

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The pneumothorax and pulmonary contusion here are small and difficult tosee and it could have been easily missed. A pulmonary injury of some type should have been suspected based on her grunting respirations and mild hypoxia.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 3 : Herpes Encephalitis

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Encephalitis is an infection of the parenchyma of the brain.Encephalitis is most commonly viral in nature and the extent of parenchymal damage is variable.Arboviruses are the most common cause of episodic viral encephalitis.

]]>Encephalitis is an infection of the parenchyma of the brain.Encephalitis is most commonly viral in nature and the extent of parenchymal damage is variable.Arboviruses are the most common cause of episodic viral encephalitis.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 4 : Fever and Upper Back Tenderness

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Discitis has a biphasic age distribution, with a higher incidence early in childhood and a subtler peak during adolescence.

]]>Discitis has a biphasic age distribution, with a higher incidence early in childhood and a subtler peak during adolescence.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 5 : Difficulty Breathing Throughout Infancy

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A vascular ring is a malformation of the aortic arch that results in vascular branches or major blood vessels encircling the trachea and esophagus.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 6 : Tachypnea and Abdominal Pain

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There are two main forms of staphylococcal pneumonia. Primary pneumonia is caused by direct inoculation through the respiratory tract. Secondary or metastatic hematogenous lung infection is due to bacteremic seeding of the lung during the course of endocarditis or septicemia associated with infection at other sites.

]]>There are two main forms of staphylococcal pneumonia. Primary pneumonia is caused by direct inoculation through the respiratory tract. Secondary or metastatic hematogenous lung infection is due to bacteremic seeding of the lung during the course of endocarditis or septicemia associated with infection at other sites.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 7 : Toxic Infant With Full Fontanelle

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A full fontanelle is not always indicative of meningitis. Intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebral edema, and acute hydrocephalus can all mimic the same clinical features.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 8 : Swollen Elbow With Normal X-Ray

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A swollen elbow usually contains a fracture injury. In some instances, a joint effusion (posterior fat pad sign or enlarged anterior fat pad sign) can be seen in the absence of a visible fracture.

Pediatric Emergencies Cases and Diagnosis - Case 9 : The Stomach flu-The Target,Crescent and Absent Liver Edge Signs

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Radiographic signs on plain abdominal films include the target sign, the crescent sign, the absent liver edge sign, and other signs that are less specific for intussusception.

Update in Paediatric Resuscitation

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Paediatric resuscitation differs from those of an adult. However, data supporting these differences are lacking particularly because cardiac arrests are rare in children. Therefore, small sample size, inadequate power, lack of standardized terminology and retrospective nature of the studies has made comparison of outcome measures difficult.