Neonatology in Children

Neonatology

2012-02-20T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Neonatology is a branch of pediatric medicine concerned with the newborn; the diagnosis and treatment of neonates.

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

In CDH, there is interruption of bronchial airway branching at 10 weeks gestation. The ipsilateral lung development is retarded at 12th - 14th generation. Contralateral lung development is retarded at 16th - 18th generation. Development of Type 1 alveolar epithelium is arrested.

]]>In CDH, there is interruption of bronchial airway branching at 10 weeks gestation. The ipsilateral lung development is retarded at 12th - 14th generation. Contralateral lung development is retarded at 16th - 18th generation. Development of Type 1 alveolar epithelium is arrested.

Neonatal Thrombocytopenia

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Thrombocytopenia is one of the common hematological problem encountered in the neonatal period particularly in sick newborns, premature babies and neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care units and usually indicates an underlying pathologic process.

Ocular Morbidity in Premature Children

2006-09-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

The most common problem in pre-term infants is retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).2 Pre-term infants also have higher rates of refractive error, strabismus, amblyopia and cerebral visual impairment.

Neonatal Apnea

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

The standard definition of apnea is cessation of inspiratory gas flow for 20 seconds, or for a shorter period of time if accompanied by bradycardia (heart rate less than 100 beats per minute), cyanosis, or pallor.

Neonatal Screening of Congenital Hypothyroidism

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Congenital hypothyroidism is one of the preventable causes of mental retardation if diagnosed within first 3 months of life. Major complications can be prevented if diagnosed early and started on replacement therapy.

Hypoglycemia

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

In a newborn, glucose levels rapidly fall to a low point in the 1st 2 hours of life which is usually transient (as the source of maternal glucose is removed) and the infant achieves homeostasis. This transition is usually smooth but there are certain high risk infants who are at risk of hypoglycemia.

Growth Monitoring of Infants

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

All newborns should have weight, total length and head circumference recorded on admission along with the Ballard's score. Length and head circumference should be recorded every weekly.

Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis

2007-05-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

NEC is a syndrome of acute intestinal necrosis. The etiology is unknown and pathogenesis is complex and multi factorial. It is the most common serious surgical disorder among infants in NICU & a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Hair Screening in NICU Graduates

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

NICU graduates are at a high risk for developing sensorineural hearing defects.

The Role of Probiotics in Preterm Neonates

2007-12-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Probiotics are defined as live non-pathogenic microbial supplements that colonise the gut while providing benefits to the host.

Hypocalcemia

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

Hypocalcemia is defined as total serum calcium concentrations below 7 mg/dl and ionized calcium less than 4 mg/dl. Most infants do not become symptomatic till calcium levels are below 6 mg/dl.

Feeding in the Low Birth Weight

2006-07-01T00:00:00.0000000+05:30

The aim of feeding should be to approximate intrauterine growth, a goal that is frequently impossible to attain. The quality of weight gained and composition of tissue accrued though difficult to measure, (protein accretion rather than fat accretion & water retention) is a better determinant of adequacy of nutrition.

]]>The aim of feeding should be to approximate intrauterine growth, a goal that is frequently impossible to attain. The quality of weight gained and composition of tissue accrued though difficult to measure, (protein accretion rather than fat accretion & water retention) is a better determinant of adequacy of nutrition.