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ISSN 0973 - 0958
Diet and
Disease
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DIET FOR RENAL STONES
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| In brief: Most stones contain | Calcium oxalate (60%) |
| Calcium phosphate (9%) | |
| Or a combination of both (11%) | |
| Less common stones are composed of | |
| Uricacid | |
| Cystine stones | |
| Struvite stones (also known as infectious stones) | |
| Xanthine stones (rare*) | |
MODIFICATION OF DIET IN URINARY CALCULI
Calcium oxalate stones:
- Fluid
intake:
It should be increased to 3000ml/ day or more depending on the tolerance of the patient, since it helps to dilute urine to produce less concentration of the constituents of the stone. Liquids that could be consumed are fruit juices, barley water, coconut water, lime juice etc. - Diet:
- Avoid a high protein diet.
- Calcium restriction: This may be restricted along with oxalate. Generally foods rich in calcium are rich in phosphorus with the exception of meat which contains less calcium but is very rich in phosphorus (table 1.1 & 1.2).
- Oxalate restriction: All foods that contain large amounts of oxalates should be avoided if the stone is a calcium- oxalate stone (table 1.3).
- Avoid taking vitamin, mineral supplements.
- Avoid too much vitamin C and calcium containing antacids.
- Avoid vegetables and fruits containing seeds such as tomatoes, lady's finger, brinjal, capsicum, watermelon, guava etc.
- Avoid purine rich foods.(Table 1.4)
- Increase fluid intake.
- Decrease animal protein.
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