Different Generations of Hib Vaccine,Storage

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HIB VACCINE - LATEST UPDATES

Related topics

Hib Vaccine Overview

Disease Spectrum of Hib and H. Influenzae Infection

Severity and Incidence of Hib Infection

Hib Vaccines Frequently Asked Questions

Dr Nitin Shah
Hon. Pediatrician, UHC, LTMG Hospital, Mumbai.
Treasurer, Indian Academy of Pediatrics, 1998-2001

Q. What are the different generations of Hib vaccines?
A. First generation of Hib vaccine contained the PRP (Poly Ribosiyl Polysaccharide) antigen. PRP per se leads to non-T dependent type of immune response characterized by IgM type of antibody, which are lower in magnitude, shorter lasting, without any T cell memory and like other polysaccharide vaccines not immunogenic below 18 months of age.

Since 1987, 2nd generation of Hib vaccines are available where the PRP hapten is conjugated (linked) with a carrier protein. This, so as to say, fools the T cell and leads to T cell dependent response characterized by IgG type of antibodies which is of higher magnitude, long lasting and has T cell memory. It is also immunogenic from 6 weeks to 8 weeks of age & hence can be used at an early age when it is actually required the most.

Q. What are the different types of 2nd generation of Hib vaccines?
A. The principal antigen in all the 2nd generation Hib vaccine is PRP antigen. Depending on the carrier protein to which it is conjugated there are four different vaccines as shown below. Of these HbOC and PRP- T vaccines are available in India.

Type/Brand	PRP	Carrier Protein	Type of linkage
1) PRP-T (Hibest, Act Hib, Hiberix)	Polysaccharide large 15 mcg Polysaccharide 10 mcg	Tetanus toxoid 20 mcg Tetanus toxoid 30 mcg	6 carbon carbodiimide condensation
2) HbOC (Hibtitre)	Oligosaccharide 10 mcg	CRM 197 + Variant of Diphtheria toxin 25 mcg	-
3) PRP-OMP (Pedvax)	Polysaccharide medium 15 mcg	Group B meningo Coccus outer membrane protein vesicle 250 mcg	Thioether
4) PRP-D (Prohibit)	Polysaccharide medium 25 mcg	Diphtheria toxoid	6 carbon

Q. How are the Hib Vaccines available?
A. Hib vaccines are available as mono dose or as 10-dose containing multidose vial. HbOC is available as ready to use liquid while PRP-T is available as lyophilized powder with diluent available separately. Diluent used is distilled water or normal saline. The dose given is 0.5ml per dose. The cost of one dose varies from Rs 400-500 at present.

Q. How is Hib vaccine given?
A. Hib vaccine is given intramuscularly over the anterolateral aspect of the thigh or the deltoid region.

Q. How is Hib vaccine stored?
A. Hib vaccine is stored between 2-8⁰C. It should never be frozen and should be discarded if frozen by mistake. The shelf life is for 2 years if stored properly. It should not be stored in the door compartment. Even the diluent should be kept at 2-8⁰C.

Next : Hib Vaccine Frequently Asked Questions

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